Contents
description bug_report

Start building Flutter iOS apps on macOS

Contents keyboard_arrow_down keyboard_arrow_up
more_horiz

Verify system requirements

#

To install and run Flutter, your macOS environment must meet the following hardware and software requirements.

Hardware requirements

#

Your macOS Flutter development environment must meet the following minimal hardware requirements.

RequirementMinimumRecommended
CPU Cores48
Memory in GB816
Display resolution in pixelsWXGA (1366 x 768)FHD (1920 x 1080)
Free disk space in GB44.070.0

Software requirements

#

To write and compile Flutter code for iOS, install the following packages.

Operating system

#

Flutter supports macOS 10.15 (Catalina) or later. This guide presumes your Mac runs the zsh as your default shell.

To verify your shell configuration, expand this section

Like most UNIX-like operating system, macOS can support multiple shells, like bash, zsh, and sh. As of the October 2019 release of macOS Catalina (macOS 10.15), Zsh or zsh is the default shell for macOS.

Check and set zsh as default

#

  1. To verify zsh was set as the default macOS shell, run the Directory Services command line utility.

    $ dscl . -read ~/ UserShell

    should print the following as its response.

    UserShell: /bin/zsh

    You can skip the remaining steps.

  2. If you need to install zsh, follow the procedure in this Wiki.

  3. If you need to change your default shell to zsh, run the chsh command.

    $ chsh -s `which zsh`

To learn more about macOS and zsh, check out Use zsh as the default shell on your Mac in the macOS documentation.

Some Flutter components require the Rosetta 2 translation process on Macs running Apple silicon. To run all Flutter components on Apple silicon, install Rosetta 2.

$ sudo softwareupdate --install-rosetta --agree-to-license

Development tools

#

Download and install the following packages.

  • Xcode 15 to debug and compile native Swift or ObjectiveC code. The Xcode installation includes Git 2.27 or later to manage source code.
  • CocoaPods 1.13 to compile enable Flutter plugins in your native apps.

The developers of the preceding software provide support for those products. To troubleshoot installation issues, consult that product's documentation.

When you run the current version of flutter doctor, it might list a different version of one of these packages. If it does, install the version it recommends.

Text editor or integrated development environment

#

You can build apps with Flutter using any text editor or integrated development environment (IDE) combined with Flutter's command-line tools.

Using an IDE with a Flutter extension or plugin provides code completion, syntax highlighting, widget editing assists, debugging, and other features.

Popular options include:

Install the Flutter SDK

#

To install the Flutter SDK, you can use the VS Code Flutter extension or download and install the Flutter bundle yourself.

Use VS Code to install Flutter

#

To install Flutter using these instructions, verify that you have installed Visual Studio Code 1.77 or later and the Flutter extension for VS Code.

Prompt VS Code to install Flutter

#

  1. Launch VS Code.

  2. To open the Command Palette, press Command + Shift + P.

  3. In the Command Palette, type flutter.

  4. Select Flutter: New Project.

  5. VS Code prompts you to locate the Flutter SDK on your computer.

    1. If you have the Flutter SDK installed, click Locate SDK.

    2. If you do not have the Flutter SDK installed, click Download SDK.

      This option sends you the Flutter install page if you have not installed Git as directed in the development tools prerequisites.

  6. When prompted Which Flutter template?, ignore it. Press Esc. You can create a test project after checking your development setup.

Download the Flutter SDK

#

  1. When the Select Folder for Flutter SDK dialog displays, choose where you want to install Flutter.

    VS Code places you in your user profile to start. Choose a different location.

    Consider ~/development/

  2. Click Clone Flutter.

    While downloading Flutter, VS Code displays this pop-up notification:

    Downloading the Flutter SDK. This may take a few minutes.

    This download takes a few minutes. If you suspect that the download has hung, click Cancel then start the installation again.

  3. Once it finishes downloading Flutter, the Output panel displays.

    Checking Dart SDK version...
Downloading Dart SDK from the Flutter engine ...
Expanding downloaded archive...

    When successful, VS Code displays this pop-up notification:

    Initializing the Flutter SDK. This may take a few minutes.

    While initializing, the Output panel displays the following:

    Building flutter tool...
Running pub upgrade...
Resolving dependencies...
Got dependencies.
Downloading Material fonts...
Downloading Gradle Wrapper...
Downloading package sky_engine...
Downloading flutter_patched_sdk tools...
Downloading flutter_patched_sdk_product tools...
Downloading windows-x64 tools...
Downloading windows-x64/font-subset tools...

    This process also runs flutter doctor -v. At this point in the procedure, ignore this output. Flutter Doctor might show errors that don't apply to this quick start.

    When the Flutter install succeeds, VS Code displays this pop-up notification:

    Do you want to add the Flutter SDK to PATH so it's accessible
in external terminals?

  4. VS Code may display a Google Analytics notice.

    If you agree, click OK.

  5. To enable flutter in all Terminal windows:

    1. Close, then reopen all Terminal windows.
    2. Restart VS Code.

Download then install Flutter

#

To install Flutter, download the Flutter SDK bundle from its archive, move the bundle to where you want it stored, then extract the SDK.

  1. Download the following installation bundle to get the latest stable release of the Flutter SDK.

    Intel ProcessorApple Silicon
    (loading...)(loading...)

    For other release channels, and older builds, check out the SDK archive.

    The Flutter SDK should download to the macOS default download directory: ~/Downloads/.

  2. Create a folder where you can install Flutter.

    Consider creating a directory at ~/development/.

  3. Extract the zip file into the directory you want to store the Flutter SDK.

    $ unzip ~/Downloads/flutter_sdk_v1.0.0.zip -d ~/development/

    When finished, the Flutter SDK should be in the ~/development/flutter directory.

Add Flutter to your PATH

#

To run Flutter commands in the Terminal, add Flutter to the PATH environment variable. This guide presumes your Mac runs the latest default shell, zsh. Zsh uses the .zshenv file for environment variables.

  1. Launch your preferred text editor.

  2. If it exists, open the Zsh environmental variable file ~/.zshenv in your text editor. If it doesn't, create ~/.zshenv.

  3. Copy the following line and paste it at the end of your ~/.zshenv file.

    bash
    export PATH=$HOME/development/flutter/bin:$PATH

  4. Save your ~/.zshenv file.

  5. To apply this change, restart all open terminal sessions.

If you use another shell, check out this tutorial on setting your PATH.

Configure iOS development

#

Configure Xcode

#

To develop Flutter apps for iOS, install Xcode to compile to native bytecode.

  1. To configure the command-line tools to use the installed version of Xcode, run the following commands.

    $ sudo sh -c 'xcode-select -s /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer && xcodebuild -runFirstLaunch'

    To use the latest version of Xcode, use this path. If you need to use a different version, specify that path instead.

  2. Sign the Xcode license agreement.

    $ sudo xcodebuild -license

Try to keep to the current version of Xcode.

Configure your target iOS device

#

With Xcode, you can run Flutter apps on an iOS device or on the simulator.

Configure your iOS simulator

#

To prepare to run and test your Flutter app on the iOS simulator, follow this procedure.

  1. To install the iOS Simulator, run the following command.

    $ xcodebuild -downloadPlatform iOS

  2. To start the Simulator, run the following command:

    $ open -a Simulator

  3. Set your Simulator to use a 64-bit device. This covers the iPhone 5s or later.

    • From Xcode, choose a simulator device type.

      1. Go to Window > Devices and Simulators.

        You can also press Cmd + Shift + 2.

      2. Once the Devices and Simulators dialog opens, click Simulators.

      3. Choose a Simulator from the left-hand list or press + to create a new simulator.

    • From the Simulator app, go to File > Open Simulator > Choose your target iOS device.

    • To check the device version in the Simulator, open the Settings app > General > About.

  4. The simulated high-screen density iOS devices might overflow your screen. If that appears true on your Mac, change the presented size in the Simulator app.

    Display SizeMenu commandKeyboard shortcut
    SmallWindow > Physical SizeCmd + 1
    ModerateWindow > Point AccurateCmd + 2
    HD accurateWindow > Pixel AccurateCmd + 3
    Fit to screenWindow > Fit ScreenCmd + 4

Set up your target physical iOS device

#

To deploy your Flutter app to a physical iPhone or iPad, you need to do the following:

  • Create an Apple Developer account.
  • Set up physical device deployment in Xcode.
  • Create a development provisioning profile to self-sign certificates.
  • Install the third-party CocoaPods dependency manager if your app uses Flutter plugins.
Create your Apple ID and Apple Developer account
#

To test deploying to a physical iOS device, you need an Apple ID.

To distribute your app to the App Store, you must enroll in the Apple Developer Program.

If you only need to test deploying your app, complete the first step and move on to the next section.

  1. If you don't have an Apple ID, create one.

  2. If you haven't enrolled in the Apple Developer program, enroll now.

    To learn more about membership types, check out Choosing a Membership.

Attach your physical iOS device to your Mac
#

Configure your physical iOS device to connect to Xcode.

  1. Attach your iOS device to the USB port on your Mac.

  2. On first connecting your iOS device to your Mac, your iOS device displays the Trust this computer? dialog.

  3. Click Trust.

    Trust Mac

  4. When prompted, unlock your iOS device.

Enable Developer Mode on iOS 16 or later
#

Starting with iOS 16, Apple requires you to enable Developer Mode to protect against malicious software. Enable Developer Mode before deploying to a device running iOS 16 or later.

  1. Tap on Settings > Privacy & Security > Developer Mode.

  2. Tap to toggle Developer Mode to On.

  3. Tap Restart.

  4. After the iOS device restarts, unlock your iOS device.

  5. When the Turn on Developer Mode? dialog appears, tap Turn On.

    The dialog explains that Developer Mode requires reducing the security of the iOS device.

  6. Unlock your iOS device.

Enable developer code signing certificates
#

To deploy to a physical iOS device, you need to establish trust with your Mac and the iOS device. This requires you to load signed developer certificates to your iOS device. To sign an app in Xcode, you need to create a development provisioning profile.

Follow the Xcode signing flow to provision your project.

  1. Open Xcode.

  2. Sign in to Xcode with your Apple ID.

    1. Go to Xcode > *Settings...
    2. Click Accounts. . Click +. . Select Apple ID and click Continue. . When prompted, enter your Apple ID and Password. . Close the Settings dialog. Development and testing supports any Apple ID.

  3. Go to File > Open...

    You can also press Cmd + O.

  4. Navigate to your Flutter project directory.

  5. Open the default Xcode workspace in your project: ios/Runner.xcworkspace.

  6. Select the physical iOS device you intend to deploy to in the device drop-down menu to the right of the run button.

    It should appear under the iOS devices heading.

  7. In the left navigation panel under Targets, select Runner.

  8. In the Runner settings pane, click Signing & Capabilities.

  9. Select All at the top.

  10. Select Automatically manage signing.

  11. Select a team from the Team dropdown menu.

    Teams are created in the App Store Connect section of your Apple Developer Account page. If you have not created a team, you can choose a personal team.

    The Team dropdown displays that option as Your Name (Personal Team).

    Xcode account add

    After you select a team, Xcode performs the following tasks:

    1. Creates and downloads a Development Certificate
    2. Registers your device with your account,
    3. Creates and downloads a provisioning profile if needed If automatic signing fails in Xcode, verify that the project's General > Identity > Bundle Identifier value is unique.

Check the app's Bundle ID

Enable trust of your Mac and iOS device
#

When you attach your physical iOS device for the first time, enable trust for both your Mac and the Development Certificate on the iOS device.

You should enabled trust of your Mac on your iOS device when you attached the device to your Mac.

Enable developer certificate for your iOS devices
#

Enabling certificates varies in different versions of iOS.

  1. Open the Settings app on the iOS device.

  2. Tap on General > Profiles & Device Management.

  3. Tap to toggle your Certificate to Enable

  1. Open the Settings app on the iOS device.

  2. Tap on General > VPN & Device Management.

  3. Tap to toggle your Certificate to Enable.

  1. Open the Settings app on the iOS device.

  2. Tap on General > VPN & Device Management.

  3. Under the Developer App heading, you should find your certificate.

  4. Tap your Certificate.

  5. Tap Trust "<certificate>".

  6. When the dialog displays, tap Trust.

If prompted, enter your Mac password into the **codesign wants to access key...** dialog and tap **Always Allow**.

Set up wireless debugging on your iOS device (Optional)

#

To debug your device using a Wi-Fi connection, follow this procedure.

  1. Connect your iOS device to the same network as your macOS device.

  2. Set a passcode for your iOS device.

  3. Open Xcode.

  4. Go to Window > Devices and Simulators.

    You can also press Shift + Cmd + 2.

  5. Select your iOS device.

  6. Select Connect via Network.

  7. Once the network icon appears next to the device name, unplug your iOS device from your Mac.

If you don't see your device listed when using flutter run, extend the timeout. The timeout defaults to 10 seconds. To extend the timeout, change the value to an integer greater than 10.

$ flutter run --device-timeout 60

Install CocoaPods

#

If your apps depend on Flutter plugins with native iOS code, install CocoaPods. This program bundles various dependencies across Flutter and iOS code.

To install and set up CocoaPods, run the following commands:

  1. Install cocoapods following the CocoaPods install guide.

    $ sudo gem install cocoapods

  2. Launch your preferred text editor.

  3. Open the Zsh environmental variable file ~/.zshenv in your text editor.

  4. Copy the following line and paste it at the end of your ~/.zshenv file.

    bash
    export PATH=$HOME/.gem/bin:$PATH

  5. Save your ~/.zshenv file.

  6. To apply this change, restart all open terminal sessions.

Check your development setup

#

help Help

Run Flutter doctor

#

The flutter doctor command validates that all components of a complete Flutter development environment for .

  1. Open a shell.

  2. To verify your installation of all the components, run the following command.

    $ flutter doctor

As you chose to develop for iOS, you do not need all components. If you followed this guide, the result of your command should resemble:

Running flutter doctor...
Doctor summary (to see all details, run flutter doctor -v):
[✓] Flutter (Channel stable, 3.19.3, on , locale en)
[!] Android toolchain - develop for Android devices
[!] Chrome - develop for the web
[✓] Xcode - develop for iOS and macOS (Xcode 15)
[!] Android Studio (not installed)
[✓] VS Code (version 1.86)
[✓] Connected device (1 available)
[✓] Network resources


! Doctor found issues in 3 categories.

Troubleshoot Flutter doctor issues

#

When the flutter doctor command returns an error, it could be for Flutter, VS Code, , the connected device, or network resources.

If the flutter doctor command returns an error for any of these components, run it again with the verbose flag.

$ flutter doctor -v

Check the output for other software you might need to install or further tasks to perform.

If you change the configuration of your Flutter SDK or its related components, run flutter doctor again to verify the installation.

Start developing iOS on apps with Flutter

#

Congratulations! Now that you have installed all prerequisites and the Flutter SDK, you should be able to start developing Flutter apps for iOS on .

Manage your Flutter SDK

#

To learn more about managing your Flutter SDK install, consult the following resources.